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Researchers in Turkey Have Unearthed an Ancient Fragment Inscribed With the World’s Oldest Peace Treaty

Researchers said the fragment adds Articles 12 through 20, including clauses on refugees and protecting homes, to one of the earliest peace treaties.

  • On Monday, Turkey's Culture and Tourism Ministry announced the identification of a cuneiform fragment from the Treaty of Kadesh discovered at Hattusa. The piece contains provisions corresponding to Articles 12 through 20 of the ancient peace agreement.
  • The 13th-century BCE Treaty of Kadesh ended decades of rivalry between Egyptian Pharaoh Ramesses II and Hittite King Hattusili III after their armies clashed at the Battle of Kadesh. Both powers sought stability in Syria and the eastern Mediterranean.
  • Tourism Minister Mehmet Nuri Ersoy stated the treaty mandates that refugees' "tongue and their eyes are not to be pulled out," nor their homes destroyed. This provision clarifies protections for people fleeing between Egypt and Hatti.
  • While the fragment does not introduce new historical events, it sharpens details regarding limitations on royal power. Negotiators established specific humanitarian standards for individuals caught between the competing gears of two states.
  • Nearly 30,000 cuneiform tablets have been recovered from Hattusa, a UNESCO World Heritage Site designated in 1986. Researchers continue excavations at the Hittite capital, hopeful the soil may contain additional missing pieces of this diplomatic bargain.
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16 Articles

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Turkish archeologists found a piece of nailboard in Hatusha Archaeological City, Gorum State,

·Syrian Arab Republic (the)
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A fragment of the Treaty of Kadesh with terms for refugees was discovered in Turkey. It was the oldest peace treaty in the world!

·Marousi, Greece
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In the former capital of the Hittite Empire, researchers encounter a remarkable fragment. It belongs to the peace treaty of Kadesh, concluded around 1259 BC between Egyptians and Hittites. The content has astonishingly current parallels.

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omniletters.com broke the news on Tuesday, September 22, 2026.
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