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How Monogamous Are Humans? A Study Ranks Us Between Meerkats and Beavers

Humans show a 66% full-sibling rate, ranking seventh in monogamy among 11 mammal species, reflecting diverse mating systems and strong parental investment patterns, Dr Dyble said.

  • Dr Dyble's study published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B found humans, sampled via Bronze Age burial grounds and Neolithic Anatolian sites, have a 66% full-sibling rate, ranking seventh of 11 socially monogamous species.
  • Using datasets covering 103 human societies and 34 non-human mammal species, the team aimed to quantify monogamy and test the monogamy hypothesis linking it to cooperative society evolution.
  • Species-Specific rates ranged from the California deermouse at 100% and African wild dog at 85% to the Soay sheep at 0.6% and mountain gorilla and common chimpanzee with low single-digit rates.
  • The study's findings and limitations prompted mixed responses as Julia Schroeder said human monogamy clustering is unsurprising, Opie criticized comparisons to non-primate mammals, and Dr Dyble noted study limitations with self-reported human data.
  • Cultural and methodological caveats mean cultural practices and birth control complicate interpreting social monogamy, and Dr Dyble urged further work using modern genetic datasets to explore why humans rank mid-table.
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The Independent broke the news in London, United Kingdom on Wednesday, December 10, 2025.
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