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Researchers Find a Carbon-Rich Moon-Forming Disk Around Giant Exoplanet

The James Webb Space Telescope detected seven carbon-bearing molecules in a moon-forming disk around exoplanet CT Cha b, advancing knowledge of planetary system evolution.

  • James Webb Space Telescope scientists reported the first direct measurements of a potential moon-forming disk around CT Cha b, with findings published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters.
  • To understand why, researchers note observing planet and moon formation is fundamental, and the research team using the James Webb Space Telescope plans a comprehensive survey in the coming year.
  • Using Webb's MIRI medium-resolution spectrograph, astronomers found seven carbon-bearing molecules including acetylene and benzene by analyzing archival Webb data with high-contrast methods.
  • As an immediate outcome, the team says no moons were detected in the Webb data despite CT Cha b's carbon-rich circumplanetary disk, offering insight into moon formation and habitability.
  • Chemically, the circumplanetary disk is carbon-rich while the circumstellar disk contains water but no carbon, indicating rapid chemical evolution over only 2 million years, and CT Cha b lies 625 light-years away about 496 AU from its star.
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Phys.org broke the news in United Kingdom on Monday, September 29, 2025.
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