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Pakistan Warns of Strong Response to Any Attack on Anniversary of Clash with India
US and international analysts say the 2025 clash exposed new escalation paths, with water disputes and miscalculation raising the risk of a faster crisis.
On Thursday, Pakistan's military marked the anniversary of the 2025 conflict with India, warning that any attack will be met with "greater strength, precision and resolve" than previously demonstrated.
President Donald Trump's claims of brokering the 2025 ceasefire fueled Indian unease, which the International Institute for Strategic Studies noted complicates Washington's ability to mediate future crises effectively.
US scholar Elizabeth Threlkeld warns that future conflicts will involve "deeper strikes, shorter timelines, and new domains," as India and Pakistan use lessons from the last exchange to exploit advantages.
India placed the 1960 Indus Waters Treaty "in abeyance" following the 2025 attack, while Islamabad warned that disrupting water flows "will be considered as an Act of War."
A report by the Centre for Strategic and Contemporary Research warns limited nuclear exchange could trigger "nuclear cooling," potentially causing a "nuclear famine" that would "cool, dry, and darken the earth for decades.