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People with Type 1 Diabetes Face Higher Risk of Developing Dementia

A U.S. study of 283,772 adults found type 1 diabetes triples dementia risk while type 2 diabetes doubles it, highlighting the need for targeted prevention strategies.

  • Analysis of the All of Us cohort found that people with type 1 diabetes have nearly three times the risk of dementia compared with no diabetes, as reported in Neurology on March 18, 2026.
  • As life expectancy for people with type 1 diabetes has improved, researchers at Boston University School of Public Health studied dementia risk linked to autoimmune beta-cell loss and hypoglycemia.
  • During an average 2.4-year follow-up, 2,348 people developed dementia, including 144 with type 1 diabetes among 283,772 participants aged 50 and older from the All of Us Research Program.
  • Clinicians may consider more regular cognitive screening for older people with type 1 diabetes, while prevention strategies include blood sugar control, physical activity, and advances in diabetes treatments and stem cell research.
  • Although the study found strong associations, the authors warned it does not establish causation, citing limitations like surveillance bias, reliance on electronic health records and survey data, a short follow-up, and the non‑representative nature of the All of Us cohort, urging future research on co‑occurring conditions and modifiable risk factors.
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Medical Xpress broke the news in on Wednesday, March 18, 2026.
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