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Scientists Name Ancient Crocodile Species Found in Rock that Built the Great Sphinx

CT and 3-D X-ray scans showed the fossil was a distinct long-snouted crocodile, adding a new branch to gavial evolution.

  • On Wednesday, October 7, researchers identified a new ancient crocodile species, Herugavialis cairensis, discovered in Egypt's Mokattam Formation—the same limestone source used to build the Great Sphinx.
  • University College London paleontologist Paul Burke used CT-scanning to reclassify the 1920s fossil, which paleontologists had initially misidentified as Tomistoma after its discovery.
  • Researchers named the genus Herugavialis after the Egyptian god Heru, noting a striking coincidence: both the fossil snout and the Sphinx are missing their tips.
  • This reclassification expands the known diversity of long-snouted crocodilians across the Mediterranean during the Eocene, providing insight into ancient predator ecosystems from 56 million to 34 million years ago.
  • Co-Lead author Philip Mannion noted the discovery highlights the value of re-evaluating museum collections, as researchers believe additional ancient species remain hidden within existing fossil archives.
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Scientists long believed that the 40-million-year-old crocodile was a close relative of a species that still exists today. But new research shows that it belongs to a different part of the crocodile family tree – and that it also has an unexpected connection to the Great Sphinx of Giza, Egypt.

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Scientists name ancient crocodile species found in rock that built the Great Sphinx

By Taylor Nicioli, CNN (CNN) — The croc family tree may be getting a new branch. Analyzing fossilized remains discovered in the same bedrock that built the Great Sphinx, paleontologists newly identified a crocodilian species that once roamed a shallow sea in what’s now Egypt about 45 million years ago.The Mokattam Formation in northern Egypt

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Writing Science, 7 Oct (EFE).- An international team of researchers has discovered a new species of crocodile, already extinct, whose remains appeared among the rocks used to build the Egyptian Great Sphinx of Giza, the emblematic limestone macrosculpture with lion's body and human head. The most curious thing is that to the new [...] La entrada Discover a new species of crocodile among the rocks of the Great Sphinx of Egypt was first published …

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Science News broke the news in Washington, United States on Tuesday, October 6, 2026.
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