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Ancient Sea Levels Reveal when the Earth's Poles Went Wandering

Summary by Phys.org
Earth's poles do not always stay in the same place. For example, a region once near the North Pole can end up near the equator, and an area near the equator can shift up toward the pole. This is known as true polar wander (TPW), and it's when Earth's crust and mantle shift together relative to its spin axis.

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The Earth's surface was able to change position with respect to the axis of rotation several times during the dinosaur era, according to a study published in Science magazine and led by the scientist Mathew Domeier, University of Oslo, Norway. The research proposes a new way to detect episodes of true polar drift (TPW) from an unexpected signal: changes in the distribution of the seas over the continents. The results point to several rapid episo…

A new study reveals that the earth's crust has experienced four episodes of complete tipping in 320 million years, drowning some continents and raising others. This phenomenon, called "true polar wander", is distinct from the continental drift and is currently continuing at about 10 centimetres per year, due in particular to the melting of ice. More

What if the continents could all change latitude at the same time? This is what the "true polar wander" can cause, when the solid Earth gradually reorients in relation to its axis of rotation. A new study shows moreover that the old variations of the sea level...

A new study by researchers at the University of Oslo presents strong evidence that the Earth did not change orientation in the distant past solely through the slow movement of tectonic plates. During the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods, there appear to have been episodes of rapid true polar wander (TPW), in which the crust and mantle shifted relative to the Earth's axis of rotation.

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Scientific American broke the news on Thursday, October 1, 2026.
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