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New Study Finds CTE in at Least 1 in 4 Former NFL Players Who Died Between 2016 and 2021

Researchers said the figure is a conservative estimate, and alternative calculations from the same data put prevalence as high as 91%.

  • A new study published in The British Medical Journal found at least one in four former NFL players who died between 2016 and 2021 had chronic traumatic encephalopathy, or CTE, a degenerative brain disease.
  • Lead author Daniel Daneshvar of Harvard Medical School stated the estimate is conservative, assuming unexamined brains were disease-free; CTE develops from cumulative head impacts occurring across a player's entire career, from youth through the NFL.
  • Researchers found 315 of 338 donated brains showed signs of the disease, while 16% of non-donors had dementia listed on death certificates, indicating the true prevalence is likely much higher than the one-in-four figure.
  • On Tuesday, Pat McAfee, former Indianapolis Colts punter, used The Pat McAfee Show to urge the NFL and NFLPA to expand lifetime medical insurance for retired players, calling universal coverage "a layup" for a league generating billions annually.
  • While McAfee acknowledges players understand the risks, he argues the NFL must reduce contact during practice—where 70% of head impacts occur—to prevent future CTE cases in high school and college players beginning their careers.
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Bias Distribution

  • 78% of the sources are Center
78% Center

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The BMJ broke the news in London, United Kingdom on Wednesday, August 26, 2026.
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