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Air Pollution Linked To Autoimmune Diseases Like Lupus, Arthritis, Experts Say

On WEDNESDAY, Dec. 17, 2025, researchers reported people exposed to particle air pollution had higher anti‑nuclear antibody levels after collecting blood samples from more than 3,500 people living in Ontario.
Because fine particles can reach the bloodstream, researchers noted poor air quality affects rural and suburban areas, prompting Canadian policymakers to seek relevant research.
Using blood tests and address‑based exposure estimates, the researchers found people with the highest exposure were 46% to 54% more likely to have high levels of anti‑nuclear antibodies, which mistakenly target the body’s own cells.
Public‑health implications include that the study raises concern air pollution may play a role in autoimmune diseases such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, and the McGill University news release advised Canadian public and policymakers to limit exposure.
Fine particles measure just 2.5 microns or less, far smaller than a human hair at 50 to 70 microns, and Dr. Sasha Bernatsky said this helps explain pollution’s immune effects.

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